In the early stages of military aviation, different air services evolved different methods of assigning credit for aerial victories. None of these scoring systems were ironclad and they were all subject to flux. The actual number of air victories required to officially qualify as an "ace" varied.[4]
The Germans, who did not use the term "ace" but referred to German pilots who had shot down 10 aircraft as Überkanone (big gun), gave credit to a single pilot with each downing of a particular enemy aircraft, and then only after visual verification of the wreckage of the fallen craft or its occupant(s).[5] The French Armee de l'Air system also only counted aircraft destroyed, but granted full credit to every pilot or aerial gunner participating in a victory, which could sometimes be several individuals.[6][7] Most other nations (including the United States) adopted the French system. British aircraft often fought over German territory, and could not follow the German practice of visual verification of the wreckage of the fallen craft or its occupant(s).[8] Early fighting often only resulted in an opponent being forced to retreat or land ("driven down") within its own territory. Therefore, British practice awarded credit for combats endorsed as "decisive" by the commanding officer of his squadron; this could include German planes "driven down" or aircraft last seen "out of control" but not verified to have crashed.[9][10] Russian scores sometimes reflected defeats without destruction of the foe.[11] The term "ace" was never used officially by the British.[12]
While "ace" status was most often won by fighter pilots, bomber and reconnaissance crews, and observers in two-crew aircraft such as the Bristol F.2b (Bristol Fighter), also destroyed enemy aircraft. On both sides, if a two-crew aircraft destroyed an aircraft, both crew were credited with a victory. Because pilots usually teamed with differing observer/gunners in two-seater aircraft, an observer might be an ace when his pilot was not.[13]
Award |
Title |
Notes |
AFC |
Air Force Cross |
Issued for acts of gallantry while flying on non-active operations to warrant officers and officers of the Royal Air Force[14] |
CBE |
Order of the British Empire |
An order of chivalry established by George V of the United Kingdom |
CdeG |
Croix de guerre |
A military decoration of France, also commonly bestowed to foreign military forces allied to France |
BCdeG |
Croix de guerre |
A military decoration of Belgium, also commonly bestowed to foreign military forces allied to Belgium |
CdeLd'H |
Croix de Légion d'honneur |
A decoration of France awarded for excellent civil or military conduct delivered, upon official investigation |
CG |
Croce di Guerra |
A military decoration of Italy |
DCM |
Distinguished Conduct Medal |
The second-level military decoration awarded other ranks of the British Army |
DFC |
Distinguished Flying Cross |
Awarded to Royal Air Force commissioned officers and Warrant Officers "in recognition of exemplary gallantry during active operations against the enemy in the air"[15] |
DFC(US) |
Distinguished Flying Cross (United States) |
Awarded to any officer or enlisted member of the US armed forces who "distinguishes himself or herself by heroism or extraordinary achievement while participating in aerial flight"[16] |
DFM |
Distinguished Flying Medal |
Awarded to military below commissioned rank, "in recognition of exemplary gallantry during active operations against the enemy in the air"[15] |
DSC |
Distinguished Service Cross |
Granted "in recognition of exemplary gallantry during active operations against the enemy at sea."[17] |
DSC(US) |
Distinguished Service Cross |
Granted extreme gallantry and risk of life in actual combat with an armed enemy force[18] |
DSO |
Distinguished Service Order |
Awarded for meritorious or distinguished service by officers of the armed forces during wartime, typically in actual combat[19] |
DSM |
Distinguished Service Medal |
Other Ranks equivalent to the Distinguished Service Cross[17] |
DSM(US) |
Distinguished Service Medal (United States) |
Awarded for "exceptionally meritorious service to the government of the United States"[20] |
MC |
Military Cross |
Awarded to "all ranks of the RN, RM, Army, and RAF in recognition of exemplary gallantry during active operations against the enemy on land."[21] |
MOH |
Medal of Honor |
The highest military decoration awarded by the United States government[22] |
MiD |
Mentioned in Despatches |
Awarded for gallantry or otherwise commendable service |
MM |
Military Medal |
Other Ranks equivalent to the Military Cross[21] |
MM(Fr) |
Médaille militaire |
A decoration of the French Republic |
MMV |
Medal of Military Valor |
Italian award |
OB |
Order of the Bath |
The fourth-most senior of the British Orders of Chivalry |
OC |
Order of the Crown (Belgium) |
A national decoration of Belgium |
OLII |
Order of Leopold II |
Awarded for meritorious service to the Sovereign of Belgium |
OR |
Order of the Redeemer |
Awarded to those who have defended the interests of Greece in time of war |
OSA |
Order of St. Anna |
A Holstein and then Russian order of chivalry |
OSG |
Order of St. George |
Awarded to military officers and generals only, for the display of highest valour and skills in the face of an exterior enemy |
OSR |
Order of the Star of Romania |
Romania's highest civil order |
OSS |
Order of Saint Stanislaus |
Russian Order for a distinguished career in civil or military service |
OSV |
Order of St. Vladimir |
An Imperial Russian Order |
OWE |
Order of the White Eagle |
Awarded in recognition of significant service, both military and civil, in the interests of Poland |
Cr St Geo |
Cross of St. George |
Awarded to non-commissioned officers, soldiers and sailors for extreme bravery in face of the enemy (Russia) |
VC |
Victoria Cross |
Highest British military decoration, awarded for valour in the face of the enemy[23] |
Name |
Country |
Air service(s) |
Victories |
Notes |
Frank Alberry |
Australia |
Australian Flying Corps |
7 |
Distinguished Conduct Medal[25][26] |
Charles Allen |
United Kingdom |
Royal Naval Air Service, Royal Air Force |
7 |
Belgian Order of the Crown and Croix de Guerre[27] |
Fritz Anders |
Germany |
Luftstreitkräfte |
7 |
Iron Cross First and Second Class[28] |
Ernest Antcliffe |
United Kingdom |
Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force |
7 |
Distinguished Flying Medal |
Alfred Auger |
France |
Aéronautique Militaire |
7 |
Legion d'Honneur, Croix de Guerre with ten Palmes[29] |
Thomas Barkell |
Australia |
Australian Flying Corps |
7 |
Distinguished Flying Cross[30] |
Gerhard Bassenge |
Germany |
Luftstreitkräfte |
7 |
Deutchescross in Gold Rose to General-Major during World War II[31] |
John Bateman |
United Kingdom |
Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force |
7[32] |
|
François Battesti |
France |
Aéronautique Militaire |
7 |
Legion d'Honneur, Medaille Militaire, Croix de Guerre with eight Palmes[33] |
Alan Duncan Bell-Irving |
Canada |
Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force, Royal Canadian Air Force |
7 |
Order of the British Empire, Military Cross with Bar, French Croix de Guerre. Air Commodore during World War II.[34] |
Charles J. Biddle |
United States |
Aéronautique Militaire, US Army Air Service |
7 |
Distinguished Service Cross and Purple Heart, French Legion d'Honneur and Croix de Guerre with three Palmes, Belgian Order of Leopold II[35] |
Thomas Birmingham |
Canada |
Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force |
7 |
|
William Harry Bland |
United Kingdom |
Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force |
7 |
French Croix de Guerre[36] |
Andre Bosson |
France |
Aéronautique Militaire |
7 |
Medaille Militaire, Croix de Guerre with five Palmes[37] |
Cecil Brock |
Canada |
Royal Naval Air Service, Royal Air Force |
7[38] |
|
George Ai Brooke |
United Kingdom |
Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force |
7 |
|
Helmut Bruenig |
Germany |
Luftstreitkräfte |
7[39] |
|
Archibald Buchanan |
United States |
Royal Naval Air Service, Royal Air Force |
7 |
Distinguished Flying Cross,[40][41] |
Stanton Bunting |
United Kingdom |
Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force |
7 |
|
David Luther Burgess |
Canada |
Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force |
7 |
Military Cross |
Lynn Campbell |
Canada |
Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force |
7[42] |
|
Eugene Camplan |
France |
Aéronautique Militaire |
7 |
Legion d'Honneur, Medaille Militaire, Croix de Guerre with seven Palmes[43] |
Leslie Capel |
United Kingdom |
Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force |
7[44] |
|
Reed Chambers |
United States |
US Army Air Service |
7 |
Distinguished Service Cross with three Oak Leaf Clusters, French Legion d'Honneur and Croix de Guerre with two Palmes, an Etoile d'argent and an Etoile d'bronze[45] |
Robert Chandler |
United Kingdom |
Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force |
7 |
Distinguished Flying Cross. Later rose to Wing Commander.[46] |
Charles Chapman |
United Kingdom |
Royal Flying Corps |
7 |
Military Cross, Belgian Order of Leopold[47] and Croix de guerre |
Fernand Henri Chavannes |
France |
Aéronautique Militaire |
7 |
Legion d'Honneur, Medaille Militaire, Croix de Guerre with seven Palmes and an Etoile de bronze[48] |
William Chisam |
United Kingdom |
Royal Naval Air Service |
7[49] |
|
Arthur Claydon |
United Kingdom |
Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force |
7 |
Distinguished Flying Cross[50] |
Stanley Cockerell |
United Kingdom |
Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force |
7[51] |
Belgian Order of the Crown and Croix de guerre |
James Connelly |
United States |
Aéronautique Militaire |
7 |
Distinguished Service Cross, French Medaille Militaire and Croix de Guerre[52] |
Harvey Weir Cook |
United States |
US Army Air Service |
7 |
Distinguished Service Cross with Oak Leaf Cluster[53] |
Arthur Cyril Cooper |
United Kingdom |
Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force |
7[54] |
|
Arthur Gabbettis Cooper |
United Kingdom |
Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force |
7[55] |
|
Sidney Cowan |
United Kingdom |
Royal Flying Corps |
7 |
Military Cross with two Bars[56] |
Jesse Creech |
United States |
Royal Flying Corps, US Army Air Service |
7 |
Distinguished Service Cross,[57] British Distinguished Flying Cross |
Roland Critchley |
United Kingdom |
Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force |
7 |
|
Edward Crundall |
United Kingdom |
Royal Naval Air Service, Royal Air Force |
7[58] |
Distinguished Flying Cross, Air Force Cross |
Alec Cunningham-Reid |
United Kingdom |
Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force |
7 |
Distinguished Flying Cross[59] |
Theodor Dahlman |
Germany |
Luftstreitkräfte |
7 |
Royal House Order of Hohenzollern, Iron Cross First Class. Became a Luftwaffe general during World War II.[60] |
Rowan Daly |
United Kingdom |
Royal Naval Air Service, Royal Air Force |
7 |
Distinguished Service Cross, Distinguished Flying Cross[61] |
Ernest Davies |
Australia |
Australian Flying Corps |
7 |
Distinguished Flying Cross[62] |
Ernest Davis |
Canada |
Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force |
7[63] |
|
Pierre De Cazenove De Pradines |
France |
Aéronautique Militaire |
7 |
Legion d'Honneur, Medaille Militaire, Croix de Guerre with seven Palmes, an Etoile de vermeil and an Etoile de bronze[64] |
Pierre Delage |
France |
Aéronautique Militaire |
7 |
Legion d'Honneur, Medaille Militaire[65] |
Robert Delannoy |
France |
Aéronautique Militaire |
7 |
Legion d'Honneur, Croix de Guerre with four Palmes[66] |
François Delzenne |
France |
Aéronautique Militaire |
7 |
Legion d'Honneur, Medaille Militaire, Croix de Guerre with seven Palmes and three Etoiles[67] |
François de Rochechouart |
France |
Aéronautique Militaire |
7 |
Legion d'Honneur, Croix de Guerre with seven Palmes[68] |
Noel de Rochefort |
France |
Aéronautique Militaire |
7 |
Legion d'Honneur, Medaille Militaire, Croix de Guerre |
Jean Derode |
France |
Aéronautique Militaire |
7 |
Legion d'Honneur, Croix de Guerre with nine Palmes, Belgian Croix de Guerre[69] |
James Dewhirst |
United Kingdom |
Royal Naval Air Service, Royal Air Force |
7 |
Distinguished Flying Cross, French Croix de guerre[70] |
Helmut Dilthey |
Germany |
Luftstreitkräfte |
7 |
Iron Cross First and Second Class[71] |
Roy Dodds |
United States |
Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force, Royal Canadian Air Force |
7 |
British Distinguished Flying Cross |
Henry Dolan |
United Kingdom |
Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force |
7 |
Military Cross[72] |
John Donaldson |
United States |
Royal Flying Corps, US Army Air Service attached to Royal Air Force |
7 |
Distinguished Service Cross, British Distinguished Flying Cross with Bar,[73] |
Thomas A. Doran |
United Kingdom |
Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force |
7[74] |
|
Rene Doumer |
France |
Aéronautique Militaire |
7 |
Legion d'Honneur[75] |
Arthur Draisey |
United Kingdom |
Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force |
7 |
Russian Order of Saint Stanilas |
Herbert Drewitt |
New Zealand |
Royal Flying Corps, |
7 |
Military Cross, Air Force Cross[76] |
Pierre Ducornet |
France |
Aéronautique Militaire |
7 |
Legion d'Honneur, Medaille Militaire, Croix de Guerre with five Palmes and two Etoiles d'argent[77] |
Raoul Echard |
France |
Aéronautique Militaire |
7 |
Legion d'Honneur, Croix de Guerre with six Palmes[78] |
Cedric Edwards |
United Kingdom |
Royal Naval Air Service, Royal Air Force |
7 |
Distinguished Flying Cross[79] |
Leopoldo Eleuteri |
Italy |
Corpo Aeronautico Militare |
7 |
Medal for Military Valor (3 silver awards) |
Herbert Ellis |
United Kingdom |
Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force |
7 |
Military Cross[80] |
Conway Farrell |
Canada |
Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force |
7 |
Distinguished Flying Cross[81] |
Julius Fichter |
Germany |
Luftstreitkräfte |
7[82] |
|
George Foster |
Canada |
Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force |
7 |
Distinguished Flying Cross[83] |
Gordon Fox-Rule |
United Kingdom |
Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force |
7 |
Distinguished Flying Cross, French Croix de Guerre |
Adrian Franklyn |
United Kingdom |
Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force |
7 |
Military Cross[84] |
Maurice Freehill |
United Kingdom |
Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force |
7[85] |
Distinguished Flying Cross |
Josef Friedrich |
Austria-Hungary |
Luftfahrtruppen |
7 |
Military Merit Cross (2 awards), Military Merit Medal |
Mario Fucini |
Italy |
Corpo Aeronautico Militare |
7 |
Medal for Military Valor (1 silver, 1 bronze) |
John Gamon |
United Kingdom |
Royal Naval Air Service, Royal Air Force |
7 |
Distinguished Service Cross |
Hermann Gilly |
Germany |
Luftstreitkräfte |
7 |
Iron Cross First and Second Class, Saxon Order of Albert, Austro-Hungarian Military Merit Cross[86] |
Eric Gilroy |
Canada |
Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force |
7 |
|
Hans Goerth |
Germany |
Luftstreitkräfte |
7 |
Iron Cross First Class[87] |
Walter Grant |
Australia |
Australian Flying Corps, Royal Air Force |
7 |
|
Wilfred Green |
United Kingdom |
Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force |
7 |
Distinguished Flying Cross, French Legion d'Honneur[88] and Croix de guerre |
John Griffith |
United States |
Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force, United States Army Air Force, United States Air Force |
7 |
Distinguished Flying Cross,[89] |
Gisbert-Wilhelm Groos |
Germany |
Luftstreitkräfte |
7[90] |
|
Hermann Habich |
Germany |
Luftstreitkräfte |
7 |
Iron Cross First and Second Class, Silver Karl-Friedrich Military Merit Medal[91] |
Frank Hale |
United States |
Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force |
7 |
British Distinguished Flying Cross[92] |
Frederick Hall |
United Kingdom |
Royal Naval Air Service, Royal Air Force |
7 |
|
Herbert Hamilton |
United Kingdom |
Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force |
7 |
Military Cross[93] |
Herbert Hartley |
United Kingdom |
Royal Flying Corps |
7 |
|
Otto Hartmann |
Germany |
Luftstreitkräfte |
7 |
Iron Cross First and Second Class, Kingdom of Württemberg Military-Verdeinst Order[94] |
Harold Hartney |
United States |
Royal Flying Corps, US Army Air Service |
7[95] |
Distinguished Service Cross[96] |
Ludwig Hautzmayer |
Austria-Hungary |
Luftfahrtruppen |
7 |
Military Merit Cross, Military Merit Medal, Medal for Bravery |
Lanoe Hawker |
United Kingdom |
Royal Flying Corps |
7 |
Victoria Cross, Distinguished Service Order[97] |
Ian Henderson |
United Kingdom |
Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force |
7 |
Military Cross[98] |
Georg Ritter von Hengl |
Germany |
Luftstreitkräfte |
7 |
Order of Max-Joseph, Iron Cross Knight's Cross and First Class. Rose to general in World War II. |
William Carrall Hilborn |
Canada |
Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force |
7 |
Distinguished Flying Cross[99] |
Charles Hill |
United Kingdom |
Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force |
7 |
|
Richard Hill |
United Kingdom |
Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force |
7 |
Military Cross |
John Hills |
United Kingdom |
Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force |
7 |
|
Edward Hoare |
United Kingdom |
Royal Naval Air Service, Royal Air Force |
7 |
Distinguished Flying Medal |
Percy Hobson |
United Kingdom |
Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force |
7 |
Military Cross[100] |
Josef Hohly |
Germany |
Luftstreitkräfte |
7 |
|
Lansing Holden |
United States |
Aéronautique Militaire, US Army Air Service |
7 |
Distinguished Service Cross with Oak Leaf Cluster[101] |
Jeffrey B. Home-Hay |
Canada |
Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force |
7 |
Military Cross, Distinguished Flying Cross |
Norman William Hustings |
United Kingdom |
Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force |
7[102] |
|
Kurt Jacob |
Germany |
Luftstreitkräfte |
7[103] |
|
Fernand Jacquet |
Belgium |
Belgian Military Aviation |
7 |
Order of the Crown, Croix de Guerre, French Legion d'Honneur and Croix de Guerre, Russian Order of Saint Anne, British Distinguished Flying Cross |
Otto Jaeger |
Austria-Hungary |
Luftfahrtruppen |
7 |
Order of the Iron Crown, Military Merit Cross, Military Merit Medal, Medal for Bravery, German Iron Cross |
Arthur Jarvis |
Canada |
Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force |
7 |
Order of the British Empire, Distinguished Flying Cross,[104] French Croix de Guerre |
Louis Jarvis |
United Kingdom |
Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force |
7[105] |
|
Archie Nathaniel Jenks |
Canada |
Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force |
7 |
|
Karl Jentsch |
Germany |
Luftstreitkräfte |
7 |
|
Alan Jerrard |
United Kingdom |
Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force |
7 |
Victoria Cross, Italian Medal for Military Valor[106] |
Martin Johns |
Germany |
Luftstreitkräfte |
7[107] |
|
Albert Leslie Jones |
United Kingdom |
Royal Naval Air Service, Royal Air Force |
7[108] |
|
George Jones |
Australia |
Australian Flying Corps, Royal Australian Air Force |
7 |
Companion of the Bath, Knight of the British Empire, Distinguished Flying Cross. Rose to Air Marshal.[109] |
Hubert Jones |
United Kingdom |
Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force |
7 |
Military Cross, Air Force Cross[110] |
Harold Joslyn |
Canada |
Royal Flying Corps |
7[111] |
|
Christian Kairies |
Germany |
Luftstreitkräfte |
7[112] |
|
Edward Patrick Kenney |
Australia |
Australian Flying Corps |
7 |
Distinguished Flying Cross[113] |
Walter Kirk |
Australia |
Australian Flying Corps, Royal Australian Air Force |
7 |
Distinguished Flying Cross |
Frederick John Knowles |
United Kingdom |
Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force |
7 |
Military Medal |
Emil Koch |
Germany |
Luftstreitkräfte |
7[114] |
|
Hans Koerner |
Germany |
Luftstreitkräfte |
7[115] |
|
Yevgraph Kruten |
Russia |
Imperial Army Air Service |
7 |
Order of Saint George, Order of Saint Stanilas, Order of Saint Anne, Order of Saint Vladimir, French Croix de Guerre |
Wilhelm Kühne |
Germany |
Luftstreitkräfte |
7 |
Iron Cross First and Second Class [116] |
Hans Kummetz |
Germany |
Luftstreitkräfte |
7 |
Iron Cross[117] |
Henri Languedoc |
France |
Aéronautique Militaire |
7 |
Legion d'Honneur, Croix de Guerre with six Palmes plus two Etoiles d'argent and an Etoile de bronze[118] |
DeFreest Larner |
United States |
Aéronautique Militaire, US Army Air Service, New York National Guard, United States Army Air Corps |
7 |
Distinguished Service Cross with Oak Leaf Cluster, French Croix de guerre[119] |
Maurice Le Blanc-Smith |
United Kingdom |
Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force |
7 |
Distinguished Flying Cross[120] |
Marie Lecog De Kerland |
France |
Aéronautique Militaire |
7 |
Legion d'Honneur, Croix de Guerre with seven Palmes[121] |
Arthur Lee |
United Kingdom |
Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force |
7 |
Military Cross. Rose to Air Vice-Marshal.[122] |
Alfred Alexander Leitch |
Canada |
Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force, Royal Canadian Air Force |
7 |
Military Cross, Distinguished Flying Cross[123] |
Thomas Le Mesurier |
United Kingdom |
Royal Naval Air Service, Royal Air Force |
7 |
Distinguished Service Cross with two Bars |
Herman Leptien |
Germany |
Luftstreitkräfte |
7[124] |
|
Jean Loste |
France |
Aéronautique Militaire |
7 |
Legion d'Honneur, Croix de Guerre with five Palmes, Japanese Ordre du Soleil Levant[125] |
Albert Lux |
Germany |
Luftstreitkräfte |
7[126] |
|
Hector MacDonald |
South Africa |
Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force, South African Air Force |
7[127] |
|
Peter MacDougall |
United Kingdom |
Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force |
7 |
Military Cross |
Norman MacGregor |
United Kingdom |
Royal Naval Air Service, Royal Air Force |
7 |
Distinguished Service Cross,[128] Distinguished Flying Cross |
John MacKereth |
United Kingdom |
Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force |
7[129] |
|
William MacLanachan |
United Kingdom |
Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force |
7[130] |
|
Malcolm MacLeod |
Canada |
Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force, Royal Canadian Air Force |
7 |
Distinguished Flying Cross, Belgian Croix de Guerre[131] |
Henry Maddocks |
United Kingdom |
Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force |
7 |
Military Cross[132] |
Josef von Maier |
Austria-Hungary |
Luftfahrtruppen |
7 |
Order of the Iron Crown, Military Merit Medal, Order of Leopold |
Alexandre Marty |
France |
Aéronautique Militaire |
7 |
Legion d'Honneur[133] |
Roy Kirkwood McConnell |
Canada |
Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force |
7 |
Distinguished Flying Cross[134] |
Paul McGinness |
Australia |
Australian Flying Corps, Royal Australian Air Force |
7 |
Distinguished Flying Cross, Distinguished Conduct Medal[135] |
Karl Mendel |
Germany |
Luftstreitkräfte |
7[136] |
|
Xavier Moissinac |
France |
Aéronautique Militaire |
7 |
Medaille Militaire[137] |
Ernest Stanley Moore |
United Kingdom |
Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force |
7[138] |
|
Ernest Thomas Morrow |
Canada |
Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force |
7 |
Distinguished Flying Cross[139] |
William Nel |
South Africa |
Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force |
7 |
Retired as Group Captain.[140] |
Alfred Niederhoff |
Germany |
Luftstreitkräfte |
7[141] |
|
Charles Odell |
United Kingdom |
Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force |
7[142] |
|
Augustus Orlebar |
United Kingdom |
Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force |
7 |
Rose to Group Captain.[143] |
Paul von Osterroht |
Germany |
Luftstreitkräfte |
7[144] |
|
Hugh Owen |
United Kingdom |
Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force |
7 |
|
Robert Owen |
United Kingdom |
Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force |
7[145] |
|
John Albert Page |
Canada |
Royal Naval Air Service |
7[146] |
|
Arthur Palliser |
Australia |
Australian Flying Corps |
7[147] |
|
William Patrick |
United Kingdom |
Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force |
7[148] |
|
William Pearson |
United Kingdom |
Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force |
7[149] |
|
Pierre Pendaries |
France |
Aéronautique Militaire |
7 |
Legion d'Honneur, Medaille Militaire, Croix de Guerre with seven Palmes[150] |
George Peters |
Australia |
Australian Flying Corps |
7[151] |
Distinguished Flying Cross |
Paul Petit |
France |
Aéronautique Militaire |
7 |
Legion d'Honneur, Croix de Guerre with six Palmes, an Etoile de vermeil and an Etoile de bronze[152] |
Orazio Pierozzi |
Italy |
Corpo Aeronautico Militare |
7 |
Medal for Military Valor |
Richard Plange |
Germany |
Luftstreitkräfte |
7[153] |
|
Frank Potter |
United Kingdom |
Royal Flying Corps |
7 |
Military Medal |
Stuart Harvey Pratt |
United Kingdom |
Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force |
7 |
|
John Carberry Preston |
United Kingdom |
Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force |
7[154] |
|
Stephen Price |
United Kingdom |
Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force |
7 |
Military Cross[155] |
William Price |
United Kingdom |
Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force |
7 |
Military Cross |
Johann Pütz |
Germany |
Luftstreitkräfte |
7[156] |
|
Stanley Puffer |
Canada |
Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force, Royal Canadian Air Force |
7[157] |
|
Josef Raesch |
Germany |
Luftstreitkräfte |
7 |
Iron Cross First and Second Class[158] |
|
Lewis Ray |
Canada |
Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force |
7[159] |
|
Alec Reid |
United Kingdom |
Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force |
7 |
Distinguished Flying Cross |
Cosimo Rennella |
Ecuador |
Corpo Aeronautico Militare |
7 |
Medal for Military Valor |
Lancelot Richardson |
Australia |
Royal Flying Corps |
7 |
Military Cross[160] |
Antonio Riva |
Italy |
Corpo Aeronautico Militare |
7 |
Medal for Military Valor |
James Robb |
United Kingdom |
Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force |
7 |
Order of the British Empire, Order of the Bath, Distinguished Flying Cross. Rose to Air Chief Marshal.[161] |
Wendel Robertson |
United States |
US Army Air Service |
7[162] |
|
Charles Robinson |
United Kingdom |
Royal Naval Air Service, Royal Air Force |
7 |
Distinguished Flying Medal |
Jean C. Romatet |
France |
Aéronautique Militaire |
7 |
Legion d'Honneur, Croix de Guerre with seven Palmes and an Etoile d'argent. Rose to General during World War II[163] |
Leslie Rummell |
United States |
US Army Air Service |
7 |
Distinguished Service Cross[164] |
Howard Saint |
United Kingdom |
Royal Naval Air Service |
7 |
Distinguished Service Cross[165] |
Paul Santelli |
France |
Aéronautique Militaire |
7 |
Medaille Militaire, Croix de Guerre with four Palmes[166] |
Douglas Savage |
United Kingdom |
Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force |
7 |
Military Cross[167] |
Victor Sayaret |
France |
Aéronautique Militaire |
7 |
Legion d'Honneur, Medaille Militaire, Croix de Guerre with five Palmes[168] |
Harry Scandrett |
United Kingdom |
Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force |
7[169] |
|
Gustav Schneidewind |
Germany |
Luftstreitkräfte |
7 |
Military Merit Cross, Iron Cross First and Second Class, Ottoman Empire War Medal[170] |
Karl Schoen |
United States |
US Army Air Service |
7 |
Distinguished Service Cross[171] |
Marat Schumm |
Germany |
Luftstreitkräfte |
7[172] |
|
Kenneth Gordon Seth-Smith |
United Kingdom |
Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force |
7[173] |
|
Sumner Sewall |
United States |
US Army Air Service |
7 |
Distinguished Service Cross with Oak Leaf Cluster, French Croix de Guerre, Belgian Order of Leopold II. Later governor of Maine[174] |
Leonard Slatter |
South Africa |
Royal Naval Air Service, Royal Air Force |
7 |
Order of the British Empire, Distinguished Service Cross with Bar, Distinguished Flying Cross. Rose to Air Marshal.[175] |
Emerson Smith |
Canada |
Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force |
7[176] |
|
Frederick Stanton |
United Kingdom |
Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force |
7[177] |
Distinguished Conduct Medal, Belgian Croix de Guerre |
Charles Steele |
United Kingdom |
Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force |
7 |
Order of the Bath, Distinguished Flying Cross. Rose to Air Marshal.[178]. |
Charles Stone |
Australia |
Australian Flying Corps |
7 |
|
Gilbert Strange |
United Kingdom |
Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force |
7[179]. |
|
Georg Strasser |
Germany |
Luftstreitkräfte |
7[180] |
|
Vladimir Strizhesky |
Russia |
Imperial Army Air Service |
7 |
Cross of Saint George (all four classes), Romanian Order of the Crown |
Charles Stubbs |
United Kingdom |
Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force |
7[181]. |
|
Oliver Sutton |
United Kingdom |
Royal Naval Air Service, Royal Air Force |
7 |
Military Cross[182]. |
Arthur Gilbert Vivian Taylor |
United Kingdom |
Royal Flying Corps |
7[183]. |
|
Merrill Samuel Taylor |
Canada |
Royal Naval Air Service, Royal Air Force |
7 |
French Croix de Guerre[184]. |
James Tennant |
United Kingdom |
Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force |
7 |
Military Cross |
Gabriel Thomas |
France |
Aéronautique Militaire |
7 |
Legion d'Honneur, Croix de Guerre with five Palmes and an Etoile de vermeil[185] |
David Tidmarsh |
United Kingdom |
Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force |
7 |
Military Cross[186]. |
William Tinsley |
United Kingdom |
Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force |
7 |
|
Alexander Tranter |
United Kingdom |
Royal Air Force |
7 |
|
Karl Treiber |
Germany |
Luftstreitkräfte |
7[187] |
|
Norman Trescowthick |
Australia |
Australian Flying Corps |
7 |
Distinguished Flying Cross[188]. |
Francis Turner |
United Kingdom |
Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force |
7 |
Military Cross, Distinguished Flying Cross |
Kurt Ungewitter |
Germany |
Luftstreitkräfte |
7 |
Iron Cross First and Second Class[189] |
Awdry Vaucour |
United Kingdom |
Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force |
7 |
Military Cross with Bar, Distinguished Flying Cross, Italian Medal for Military Valor[190]. |
Marie Vitalis |
France |
Aéronautique Militaire |
7 |
Legion d'Honneur, Medaille Militaire, Croix de Guerre with seven Palmes[191] |
Joseph Vuillemin |
France |
Aéronautique Militaire |
7 |
Legion d'Honneur, Medaille Militaire, Croix de Guerre with ten Palmes, three Etoiles de vermeil and two Etoiles d'argent. Commanded French Air Force in World War II[192] |
Harold Walkerdine |
United Kingdom |
Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force |
7 |
Military Cross[193]. |
Franz Walz |
Germany |
Luftstreitkräfte, Luftwaffe |
7 |
Pour le Merite, Royal House Order of Hohenzollern, Iron Cross First and Second Class, several other awards. Rose to Generalleutnant during World War II.[194] |
Eugene Weismann |
France |
Aéronautique Militaire |
7 |
Legion d'Honneur, Medaille Militaire, Croix de Guerre with seven Palmes and an Etoile d'argent[195] |
James Wellwood |
Australia |
Australian Flying Corps |
7 |
Distinguished Flying Cross[196].] |
Johannes Werner |
Germany |
Luftstreitkräfte |
7[197] |
|
Harold Albert White |
United Kingdom |
Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force |
7[198] |
Distinguished Flying Cross |
Hugh White |
United Kingdom |
Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force |
7 |
Companion of the Bath, Order of the British Empire. Rose to Air Vice-Marshal.[199] |
Percy Williams |
United Kingdom |
Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force |
7 |
|
Percy Wilson |
United Kingdom |
Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force |
7 |
Military Cross, Italian Bronze Medal for Military Valor |
Albert Woodbridge |
United Kingdom |
Royal Flying Corps, Royal Air Force |
7 |
|